Physical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

1. Relative Density:
   Among commonly used white pigments, titanium dioxide has a relatively low specific gravity. This means it offers a larger surface area and higher pigment volume for the same mass, making it highly efficient as a pigment.
2. Melting and Boiling Points:
   Anatase-type titanium dioxide does not have a defined melting or boiling point, as it transforms into rutile at high temperatures. Only rutile-type TiO₂ exhibits these properties. Its melting point is around 1850°C, (1830 ± 15)°C in air, and 1879°C in an oxygen-rich environment. The melting point is affected by the purity of the material. The boiling point of rutile-type TiO₂ is approximately (3200 ± 300)°C, at which it shows slight volatility.
3. Dielectric Constant:
   Titanium dioxide has a high dielectric constant, giving it excellent electrical properties. The dielectric constant can vary depending on the crystallographic orientation. Anatase-type has a lower dielectric constant, around 48.
4. Electrical Conductivity:
   TiO₂ exhibits semiconductor behavior—its conductivity increases rapidly with temperature and is highly sensitive to oxygen deficiency. The dielectric and semiconductor properties of rutile TiO₂ are critical in the electronics industry, especially in manufacturing ceramic capacitors and other components.
5. Hardness:
   On the Mohs hardness scale, rutile-type TiO₂ rates at 6–6.5, while anatase-type is 5.5–6.0. Due to the relatively lower hardness, anatase is preferred in applications such as fiber delustering to prevent wear on spinneret nozzles.
6. Hygroscopicity:
   Although hydrophilic, TiO₂ does not have strong moisture absorption. Rutile has lower hygroscopicity than anatase. The extent of moisture absorption is related to surface area—larger surface area results in higher absorption—and also to surface treatment and chemical properties.
7. Thermal Stability:
   Titanium dioxide is known for its excellent thermal stability, making it suitable for high-temperature applications.
8. Particle Size Distribution:
   Particle size distribution is a key factor influencing pigment performance, particularly in terms of hiding power and dispersion. The initial particle size is controlled during hydrolysis; calcination temperature affects crystal transformation and growth; and final particle size is adjusted through pulverization using technologies like Raymond mills, air classifiers, jet mills, or hammer mills.

Dongguan Huangyao Chemical Co., Ltd. is a long-term supplier of Tronox titanium dioxide, RCL69 (Millennium), and Chemours Ti-Pure TiO₂ products.
We offer authentic, direct-source materials with ample inventory and large quantities available for immediate delivery.
Our titanium dioxide products are known for consistent quality and competitive pricing.
If you have procurement needs for TiO₂, feel free to contact us for inquiries and quotations.